(Keep REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA TO Respublika)
Modern Indonesian history can not be separated from colonialism-imperialism. Our political independence proclaimed on August 17, 1945 a milestone in the birth of the nation-state of Indonesia. Sovereignty that we have not by themselves make Indonesia despite the penetration of foreign forces imperialistic. This has often reminded by Bung Karno in jargonnya "unfinished revolution". Internally, Indonesia 'young' is also still facing consolidation of the social forces-political and the remnants of feudalism. The latter can be said as a 'parasites' for Indonesia, which was heading into a democratic state.
Penetration of a foreign power can be seen from the strengthening of elite conflict and political power in the government of Sukarno. Peak could be witnessed at the All-tragedy in 1965/1966, an unexplained dark events so far and lead to collapse of government "guided democracy" of Sukarno. The fall of the Sukarno and Suharto's rise can not be separated from the global political configuration. Cold War between the West Block and East Block coloring condensed transition of power. From some official records, General Suharto was backed-up by the West Block. Start a new history of Indonesia, ketertundukan history and the history of dependence on global imperialism (Cq. United States and its allies).
Practically, the authoritarian rule of Soeharto's New Order simply run the desired programs and policies by the United States and its allies. Seen from the first law passed by the Suharto namely the Law for Foreign Investments (FDI Act). In the New Order era, government power is no different with colonial government (read: the Netherlands East Indies). Colonize both the Indonesian people and equally devoted to foreign interests. To deal with criticism and opposition, the New Order always use a repressive approach. In addition to political factors, ketertundukan Indonesia against global imperialism and dependent due to the lagging of Indonesia on the knowledge, technology and financial. Through the external debt trap and free trade imposed by international financial institutions (IMF, WB and others) and world trade organization (WTO), global imperialism 'grasp' and 'suck' Indonesia.
May '98 reforms have ended the authoritarian rule of Soeharto. Reforms spurred by young students with the support of the people expected to be the BEGINNING of the trip of a sovereign nation and state, democratic and fair. In order to change the fate and lives of many people can be realized. But that hope was still far from reality, like "far from the fire." The powerlessness of the country's top foreign intervention (global imperialism), which brought the discourse and practice of economic liberalization and political up to now has not ended.
On the one hand, the era of democratic transition that should bear the national consolidation, the consolidation of democracy and the consolidation of democracy just gave birth to the ongoing conflict. Transition reforms have also enrich the political elite conflict on all fronts to simply snatch 'cakes' of power. Worse, elite conflict always involves the mass base of each. So that horizontal conflict could not be avoided. Socio-political conflicts that occur, often leading to dis-dis-integration of social and national integration. On the other hand, societal problems are not resolved and it leads to the proliferation of new problems. Settlement populist problems (poverty, high cost of education and health, unemployment, evictions, and others) are not able to be completed by the new political structure. The political situation did not reflect and articulate the social situation of society. In fact, problems of democracy often becomes a commodity or a particular group of political merchandise. Dus, sacrificing the interests of the poor masses.
Reform only produce political and economic liberalization. Reform also has not been able to alter the base-structure and supra-structure sosial-ekonomi/sosial-politik in Indonesia became more advanced, sophisticated and pro-people. Elections are not held directly and immediately gave birth to the institutions of democratic politics. Oligarkhi still the dominant political and economic spaces to fill existing powers. Seen from the political model kekoncoan, familial, a few people who power-full, and political tradition 'beef trade. " Political regime in power now practicing his power with the various policies that won the international capital interests and the interests of the group. Management model for sacrificing the people of many countries with the creation of a legal product in the form of an increasingly impoverished people of the state fails to fulfill its responsibilities marks.
Rejuvenation of the penetration of capitalism we can with the provocation of terrorism that continues driven by the U.S., this momentum must be seen as part of American efforts in maintaining the liberal internationalist economic policy, or better known as neo-liberalism. The emergence of the war occurred not simply because of the weakening of a hegemony, but rather due to profit-loss calculation of a country to liberalize international trade. War marked not only gave birth to a leader, but will also encourage (for the sake of winning the war) technological innovation and competition among warring groups, which will further enhance the overall world economic growth in peacetime. Schumpeter (1950) referred to it as the power of creative destruction of capitalism. So watch this contemporary international conflicts, it is true if imperialism higgest stage of capitalism and militarism is the expression peak of capitalism. Two times world war (WW I and WW II) has shown how the colonization of the needs of international capitalism has spawned a major war. No wonder, as the reconstruction effort, the consolidation and reorganization of international capitalism / neo imperialime, United tried to put himself in the dominant and hegemonic position by appointing a theme (intenasionalis liberal-neo-liberalism), which is supported by the operation of political economy and military maneuver or could also be interpreted that neo-liberalism is hiding in every political and economic operations and U.S. military maneuvers, this phenomenon began to emerge since the U.S. has a dominant position, when Europe experienced an economic depression caused by the war.
New international economic order the American version is then manifested in a system that was later called Bretton Woods. However, these phenomena show the continued emergence of post-Cold War challenges of globalization along the domination and hegemony of the United States in several respects: First. The challenge of regionalism or trading blocs, particularly the European Economic Community (EEC) that actually try rivaled by the United States through NAFTA (North America Free Trade Area) and APEC (Asia Pasisic Economic Corporation) with AFTA (the Asian Free Trade Area) it. Furthermore, the global free market chaotic with the appearance of FTA (Free Trade Area) between countries and in regionalism, such as the European Union (EU) and ASEAN with China - catch up with India plan - which affects two American allies in Asia, South Korea and Japan - fire hie beard and want to be like China. Then in front of the eye is very likely created the East Asian community that could rival the European Union and Amerika.Belum energy crisis that hit again in a few developed countries and the emerging indications of the monetary crisis in America because the U.S. dollar exchange rate fell further against the euro, the currency of the European Union, who is now pushing many countries to replace the value of its currency from U.S. dollars to uero.
It should be, the movement of Indonesia and the rulers of this country is able to read and see the number of momentum-the momentum of international, we can use to make a breakthrough for improved bargaining position to get out of this republic from the grip Neo-liberalism and neo colonialism.
For now it is time we the people and State of Indonesia has made a few restrictions and at the same time look for the suffix of a long work-pembisuan-duping oppression that afflict us all these years. With the National Cadre Training School is expected to become a medium of education to jointly we think and work hard to get out of the downturn, by creating a solid footing in order to realize an independent national State, the Democratic and Populist-oriented.
Modern Indonesian history can not be separated from colonialism-imperialism. Our political independence proclaimed on August 17, 1945 a milestone in the birth of the nation-state of Indonesia. Sovereignty that we have not by themselves make Indonesia despite the penetration of foreign forces imperialistic. This has often reminded by Bung Karno in jargonnya "unfinished revolution". Internally, Indonesia 'young' is also still facing consolidation of the social forces-political and the remnants of feudalism. The latter can be said as a 'parasites' for Indonesia, which was heading into a democratic state.
Penetration of a foreign power can be seen from the strengthening of elite conflict and political power in the government of Sukarno. Peak could be witnessed at the All-tragedy in 1965/1966, an unexplained dark events so far and lead to collapse of government "guided democracy" of Sukarno. The fall of the Sukarno and Suharto's rise can not be separated from the global political configuration. Cold War between the West Block and East Block coloring condensed transition of power. From some official records, General Suharto was backed-up by the West Block. Start a new history of Indonesia, ketertundukan history and the history of dependence on global imperialism (Cq. United States and its allies).
Practically, the authoritarian rule of Soeharto's New Order simply run the desired programs and policies by the United States and its allies. Seen from the first law passed by the Suharto namely the Law for Foreign Investments (FDI Act). In the New Order era, government power is no different with colonial government (read: the Netherlands East Indies). Colonize both the Indonesian people and equally devoted to foreign interests. To deal with criticism and opposition, the New Order always use a repressive approach. In addition to political factors, ketertundukan Indonesia against global imperialism and dependent due to the lagging of Indonesia on the knowledge, technology and financial. Through the external debt trap and free trade imposed by international financial institutions (IMF, WB and others) and world trade organization (WTO), global imperialism 'grasp' and 'suck' Indonesia.
May '98 reforms have ended the authoritarian rule of Soeharto. Reforms spurred by young students with the support of the people expected to be the BEGINNING of the trip of a sovereign nation and state, democratic and fair. In order to change the fate and lives of many people can be realized. But that hope was still far from reality, like "far from the fire." The powerlessness of the country's top foreign intervention (global imperialism), which brought the discourse and practice of economic liberalization and political up to now has not ended.
On the one hand, the era of democratic transition that should bear the national consolidation, the consolidation of democracy and the consolidation of democracy just gave birth to the ongoing conflict. Transition reforms have also enrich the political elite conflict on all fronts to simply snatch 'cakes' of power. Worse, elite conflict always involves the mass base of each. So that horizontal conflict could not be avoided. Socio-political conflicts that occur, often leading to dis-dis-integration of social and national integration. On the other hand, societal problems are not resolved and it leads to the proliferation of new problems. Settlement populist problems (poverty, high cost of education and health, unemployment, evictions, and others) are not able to be completed by the new political structure. The political situation did not reflect and articulate the social situation of society. In fact, problems of democracy often becomes a commodity or a particular group of political merchandise. Dus, sacrificing the interests of the poor masses.
Reform only produce political and economic liberalization. Reform also has not been able to alter the base-structure and supra-structure sosial-ekonomi/sosial-politik in Indonesia became more advanced, sophisticated and pro-people. Elections are not held directly and immediately gave birth to the institutions of democratic politics. Oligarkhi still the dominant political and economic spaces to fill existing powers. Seen from the political model kekoncoan, familial, a few people who power-full, and political tradition 'beef trade. " Political regime in power now practicing his power with the various policies that won the international capital interests and the interests of the group. Management model for sacrificing the people of many countries with the creation of a legal product in the form of an increasingly impoverished people of the state fails to fulfill its responsibilities marks.
Rejuvenation of the penetration of capitalism we can with the provocation of terrorism that continues driven by the U.S., this momentum must be seen as part of American efforts in maintaining the liberal internationalist economic policy, or better known as neo-liberalism. The emergence of the war occurred not simply because of the weakening of a hegemony, but rather due to profit-loss calculation of a country to liberalize international trade. War marked not only gave birth to a leader, but will also encourage (for the sake of winning the war) technological innovation and competition among warring groups, which will further enhance the overall world economic growth in peacetime. Schumpeter (1950) referred to it as the power of creative destruction of capitalism. So watch this contemporary international conflicts, it is true if imperialism higgest stage of capitalism and militarism is the expression peak of capitalism. Two times world war (WW I and WW II) has shown how the colonization of the needs of international capitalism has spawned a major war. No wonder, as the reconstruction effort, the consolidation and reorganization of international capitalism / neo imperialime, United tried to put himself in the dominant and hegemonic position by appointing a theme (intenasionalis liberal-neo-liberalism), which is supported by the operation of political economy and military maneuver or could also be interpreted that neo-liberalism is hiding in every political and economic operations and U.S. military maneuvers, this phenomenon began to emerge since the U.S. has a dominant position, when Europe experienced an economic depression caused by the war.
New international economic order the American version is then manifested in a system that was later called Bretton Woods. However, these phenomena show the continued emergence of post-Cold War challenges of globalization along the domination and hegemony of the United States in several respects: First. The challenge of regionalism or trading blocs, particularly the European Economic Community (EEC) that actually try rivaled by the United States through NAFTA (North America Free Trade Area) and APEC (Asia Pasisic Economic Corporation) with AFTA (the Asian Free Trade Area) it. Furthermore, the global free market chaotic with the appearance of FTA (Free Trade Area) between countries and in regionalism, such as the European Union (EU) and ASEAN with China - catch up with India plan - which affects two American allies in Asia, South Korea and Japan - fire hie beard and want to be like China. Then in front of the eye is very likely created the East Asian community that could rival the European Union and Amerika.Belum energy crisis that hit again in a few developed countries and the emerging indications of the monetary crisis in America because the U.S. dollar exchange rate fell further against the euro, the currency of the European Union, who is now pushing many countries to replace the value of its currency from U.S. dollars to uero.
It should be, the movement of Indonesia and the rulers of this country is able to read and see the number of momentum-the momentum of international, we can use to make a breakthrough for improved bargaining position to get out of this republic from the grip Neo-liberalism and neo colonialism.
For now it is time we the people and State of Indonesia has made a few restrictions and at the same time look for the suffix of a long work-pembisuan-duping oppression that afflict us all these years. With the National Cadre Training School is expected to become a medium of education to jointly we think and work hard to get out of the downturn, by creating a solid footing in order to realize an independent national State, the Democratic and Populist-oriented.
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